Greek theatre, most developed in Athens, is the root of the Western tradition theatre is a word of Greek origin. Main articles: Theatre of Ancient Greece, Ancient Greek comedy, and Satyr play European theatre Greek theatre The best-preserved example of a classical Greek theatre, the Theatre of Epidaurus, has a circular orchêstra and probably gives the best idea of the original shape of the Athenian theatre, though it dates from the 4th century BC. As this occurred, the first steps towards theatre as an autonomous activity were being taken. As societies grew more complex, these spectacular elements began to be acted out under non-ritualistic conditions. Īccording to the historians Oscar Brockett and Franklin Hildy, rituals typically include elements that entertain or give pleasure, such as costumes and masks as well as skilled performers. The physical location of such performances was accordingly named theatron. This similarity of early theatre to ritual is negatively attested by Aristotle, who in his Poetics defined theatre in contrast to the performances of sacred mysteries: theatre did not require the spectator to fast, drink the kykeon, or march in a procession however theatre did resemble the sacred mysteries in the sense that it brought purification and healing to the spectator by means of a vision, the theama. There is no conclusive evidence that theater evolved from ritual, despite the similarities between the performance of ritual actions and theatre and the significance of this relationship. Since classical Athens in the 5th century BC, vibrant traditions of theatre have flourished in cultures across the world. The history of theatre is primarily concerned with the origin and subsequent development of the theatre as an autonomous activity. While performative elements are present in every society, it is customary to acknowledge a distinction between theatre as an art form and entertainment, and theatrical or performative elements in other activities. The history of theatre charts the development of theatre over the past 2,500 years. History of the live performance art form Performer playing Sugriva in the Koodiyattam form of Sanskrit theatre Hannah Pritchard as Lady Macbeth and David Garrick as Macbeth at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in April 1768
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